Railway-rail fastener.



J. F. CRAVEN.

RAILWAY RAIL FASTENER.

APPLICATION FILED AuGJ, 191s.

Patented May 1, 1917.

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JAMES F. CRAVEN, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIAT RAILWAY-RAIL FA-STENER.

Application filed August 7, 1916.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES F. CnAvnN, a resident of Pittsburgh, in thecounty of rilleghcny and State of' Pennsylvania, have invented a new anduseful improvement in Railway-Rail Fasteners, of which the following isa specification.

rilhis invention relates to driven fastening devices, such as railwayspikes or like rail fastening devices.

The object of the invention is to provide a simple form of interlockedspikes which will be much more rmly held in the tie than railway spikesas ordinarily constructed and driven and therefore not so liable topullout or become loose. rFlic invention comprises a pair of spikestogether with means serving to guide the spikes when being driven sothat one will enter the tie at an inclination to the other, so that thecomplete spiking device engages a wider area of the tie at its lower endthan at its upper end, and there fore can not be withdrawn as a wholefrom the tie and can not so readily work loose in service.

in the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a sectional view through arailroad rail, tie, tie plate and the spiking device, showing the latterin side elevation; Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the line 2 2, Fig.l; Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the guiding member and partial sectionof a -tie plate; Fig. t is an edge elevation of the same; Fig. 5 is aside elevation of a modified form of guiding member; Fig. 6 is an edgeelevation of the same; Fig. 7 is a side elevation of a modified form ofguiding member without prongs; Fig. 8 is a sectional View similar toFig. l showing the guiding means formed in the tie plate; Fig. 9 is aplan view of the tie plate shown in Fig. 8; and Fig. l0 is a plan viewof the heads of a pair of spikes.

In the drawings, l represents a wooden railway tie, 2 a tie plate, and 3a standard rail having the usual flanged base 4. 5 and 5a represent apair of spikes which may be of substantially the form of standardspikes, but which are shorter than the usual standard spikes and eachhaving a head of the same general design as on ordinary railroad spikes,the same overhanging or projecting mostly on one side of the shank, thehead 6 of the spike 5 having the standard angle of the head to theshank, while the head 6a of Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May i, i917.

Serial No. 113,519.

spike 5a has the overhanging portion of its head at a less obtuse angleto the shank than has the spike 5. Preferably, also, one side of thehead of each of the spikes is slightly flatened ofi', as shown at 7,Fig. l0, in order to permit the spikes to be driven closely together.

Cooperating with these spikes is a suitable spike guiding member 9 whichpreferably is formed by forging but may be made in any other suitableway. rilhis guiding device has a relatively thin web or body portion andwith flanges projecting in opposite directions from its inner and outeredges and forming between them grooves or channels to guide the spikes.IThe vlianges i() and il projecting in one direction are preferablyvertical so as to form a vertical spike guiding groove 12 for the spike5 which is t0 be driven substantially vertically, while the flanges 10tand 1l2L on the opposite sides are inclined inwardly, that is, in thedirection underneath the rail seat, so as to form an inwardly inclinedguiding groove 12a-for the spike 5a.

The vertical flanges 10 and ll may be eX- tended downwardly below thebody of the member 9 to form prongs lOb and 1lb as shown in Fig. 5, forentering the tie and holding the member 9 in place when starting thespikes, but preferably the holding means comprises a projection 92L ofthe web of the member 9 as shown in Fig. 4.

|The tie plate 2 of Fig. l will be provided with the usual spike holes14, except that these will be made somewhat larger than ordinarily inorder to accommodate the two spikes and the spike guiding member 9.

In applying the rail fastening means the spike 5 may be first partiallydriven in, but not so far that the distance between its head and the tiewill be less than the height of the guiding member 9, after which theguiding member 9 is then put in place against the spike 5 with thegroove l2 engaging said spike, or the member may first be driven downuntil its prongs 9EL or l()b and 1lb are embedded in the tie after whichthe spike 5 is driven in, and then the other spike 5@ is made to engagethe inclined groove 12D' and is driven in until its head is flush withthe head of the spike 5, after which both spikes together are driven insimultaneously.

l/Vhen driven fully in the lower ends of the two spikes are considerablyspread apart, thus engaging a wider area of the tie at their lower endsthan at their upper ends so that as a consequence they can not bewithdrawn simultaneously from the tie and consequently can not pull outor work loose under the bending stresses of the rail, as any tendency ofthe rail to draw out one of the spikes must necessarily exert an equalstress upon the other spike. cure fastening means is provided.

Spikes and 5a can be made by the ordinary method of making standardrailway spikes, and differ from the ordinary railway spikes only in thefact that they are shorter, and hence collectively not much heavier thana single standard spike, and the fact that the head of spike 5@ is bentat a lesser angle to its shank thanathe heads of standard spikes. Thesespikes can be fabricated at the same tonnage cost as standard spikes.rlhe guiding member 9 is a simple member which can be formed at a singledrop-forging operation, and is of light weight and hence not costly.

Figs. 8 and 9 show a modification in which the spike guiding means isformed in the tie plate. As shown the Atie plate 2LL is thickened at thepoints where the spike holes are formed, and each spike hole has twoportions, to-wit, a straight through portion 14a for guiding the spike 5in vertical position, and an inclined portion 1lb for guilding the spike5F into inwardly inclined position. By thickening the plate at theportions Where the holes are formed, the walls of the holes will havesufficient depth to form effective guides for the spikes.

What I claim is 1. A spike guide comprising a member adapted to bepositioned between two spikes and having on opposite sides guides' Inthis way a very se-kl for said spikes, one of said guides being inclinedat an angle to the other guide.

2. A spike guide comprising a member adapted to be positioned betweentwo spikes and provided on opposite sides with guides for the spikes,one of said guides being vertical and the other being inclined relativethereto.

3. In rail fastening means, the combination of a member having twoguides, one of which is inclined relatively to the other, and two headeddrawn members guided thereby respectively into different inclinedpositions.

4.In rail fastening means, the combination of a member having two guidesside by side, one of which is vertical and the other of which isinclined, and two drawn headed members guided thereby respectively intovertical and inclined positions.

5. In a driven fastening device the combination of a member havingguides on opposite faces, one of said guides being inclined relativelyto the other, and two headed members adapted to be driven into place onopposite sides of said member and guided thereby `respectively intodifferent inclined positions.

6. In a driven fastening device, the combination of a member providedwith guides on its opposite faces, one of said guides beingvertical andthe other being inclined, and two headed members adapted to be ldriveninto place on opposite sides of said member and guided therebyrespectively into vertical and inclined positions.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto lset my hand.

JAMES F. CRAVEN. Witnesses: GLENN I-I. LERESCHE, A. E. JOHNSON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents. Wehhlrtem, D 0f

